What is Vocal Cord Dysfunction and How is it Treated?
Vocal cord dysfunction is a medical condition that affects a person’s ability to speak or produce vocal sounds properly.
This condition can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life, as it can make it difficult to communicate
and participate in social activities.
In this article, we will explore in detail what vocal cord dysfunction is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis,
available treatments and how this condition can be effectively managed.
What is Vocal Cord Dysfunction?
Vocal cord dysfunction, also known as dysphonia, is a condition in which the vocal cords do not move properly during vocal sound production.
The vocal cords are two bands of tissue located in the larynx, also known as the voice box.
During vocal sound production, the vocal cords move together and apart, allowing air to pass through and generating sound-producing vibrations.
When vocal cord dysfunction is present, this process is disrupted and can result in changes in vocal quality, vocal weakness, voice cracking or even complete loss of voice.
Vocal cord dysfunction can be temporary or chronic, and can have a variety of underlying causes.
Causes of Vocal Cord Dysfunction
There are several causes that can contribute to the development of vocal cord dysfunction. Some of the most common causes include:
Vocal overuse or abuse:
Overuse of the voice, such as speaking or singing loudly for long periods of time, can put pressure on the vocal cords and cause dysfunction.
Respiratory infections:
Respiratory infections, such as laryngitis or bronchitis, can cause inflammation of the vocal cords and disrupt their normal function.
Injury or trauma:
Direct injury to the larynx, such as blows or trauma to the neck, can damage the vocal cords and affect their ability to move properly.
Gastroesophageal reflux:
Acid reflux from the stomach into the esophagus and throat can irritate the vocal cords and cause dysfunction.
Medical conditions:
Some medical conditions, such as vocal cord paralysis, vocal polyp, or laryngeal edema, can cause vocal cord dysfunction.
Symptoms of Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Symptoms of vocal cord dysfunction can vary depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition. Some of the most common symptoms include:
-Hoarseness or change in vocal quality.
-Choppy or intermittent voice.
-Pain or discomfort when speaking or swallowing.
-Vocal fatigue.
-Sensation of having a lump in the throat.
-Partial or total loss of voice.
If you experience any of these symptoms persistently, it is important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan.
Vocal Cord Dysfunction Diagnosis
To diagnose vocal cord dysfunction, a thorough evaluation of the voice and vocal cords is necessary. An otolaryngology specialist, also known as an otolaryngologist, is the appropriate medical professional to perform this type of evaluation.
During the evaluation, the otolaryngologist may perform the following:
Medical history and interview:
The doctor will review your medical history and ask you questions about your symptoms, their duration, and any triggers or aggravating factors you may identify.
Physical exam:
The doctor will visually examine your vocal cords using a laryngoscope, a specialized instrument that allows detailed visualization of the larynx.
Vocal function tests:
Specific tests may be performed to evaluate vocal quality, strength and the ability of the vocal cords to move properly.
These are just a few examples of the tests and evaluations that can be performed. The otolaryngologist will determine the necessary tests based on your individual symptoms and circumstances.
Vocal Cord Dysfunction Treatment
Treatment of vocal cord dysfunction will depend on the underlying cause of the condition and the severity of the symptoms. Some common treatment options include:
Voice therapy:
Voice therapy with a speech-language pathologist may be helpful to improve vocal technique and strengthen vocal cord muscles.
Medication:
In some cases, medications may be prescribed to treat inflammation, infection or gastroesophageal reflux that may be contributing to vocal cord dysfunction.
Surgery:
In more severe situations or when other forms of treatment are not effective, surgery may be considered to correct vocal cord abnormalities.
It is important to note that treatment of vocal cord dysfunction should be personalized and tailored to the individual needs of each patient. Working with a medical team specializing in voice disorders can help ensure a comprehensive and effective approach to managing this condition.
Conclusion
Vocal cord dysfunction is a condition that can significantly affect a person’s quality of life by making vocal communication difficult.
It is important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent voice changes.
With proper diagnosis and treatment, many people can experience significant improvements in their vocal quality
and effectively manage this condition.
And since each case is different, it is always best to consult with specialists in the field, such as the Dra. Herlida Gonzalez.